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Sonona baada ya kujifungua - (Postpartum Depression -DPP)

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Sonona baada ya kujifungua - (Postpartum Depression -DPP)

27.Aug.2023

Sonona baada ya kujifungua - (Postpartum Depression -DPP)

Nini maana ya sonona baada ya kujifungua?
Sonona baada ya kujifungua (postpartum depression, DPP) ni ugonjwa wa kihisia unaotokea baada ya kujifungua, ambapo wengi hukumbwa na huzuni iliyopitiliza na mabadikiko ya kitabia. Ni aina ya ugonjwa wa afya ya akili ambao hutambulika baada ya wiki 4 za mwanzo za kujifungua (DSM 5), ambapo hautegemei tu wingi wa siku lakini pia unaangalia kwa namna gani mtu alivyoadhirika. Kuna kua na mabadiliko siku za awali ya kihisia na kitabia ambapo ni kawaida kutokea. Kiitaalamu inaitwa ‘baby blues’ lakini hali hii ikizidi na kupelekea madhara zaidi huleta ugonjwa wa sonona.

Inaweza kutokea kwa jinsia yeyote, hata baba, lakini pia kwa watu wakaribu.Tafiti huonesha kwa kiwango cha asilimia 8.9 -10.1 ya wanawake wa hali ya juu kiuchumi huadhirika na ugonjwa huu, na kati ya asilimia 17.8 -19.7 ni wanawake walio katika hali duni ya kiuchumi. Shirika la afya duniani (WHO) limetoa takwimu za asilimia 20 ya wanawake walio katika hatari ya kupata ugonjwa huu. Mabadiliko haya yanapotokea wengi huona ni hali ya kawaida lakini ni hali inayoweza kuwa na madhara makubwa mbeleni mfano kichaa cha mimba.

Je ni nani aliye katika hatari ya kupata ugonjwa huu?
Mwanamke yoyote anaweza kupata ugonjwa huu lakini walio na hatari ya kupata zaidi ni pamoja na wanawake ambao wamekumbana na hali zifuatazo;

  • Kujifungua kwa mara ya kwanza
  • Kuwa na historia ya ugonjwa wa sonona au historia ya ugonjwa huo kwenye familia
  • Kua na watu wachache wakuongea nao wanaokuzunguka
  • Ugomvi na malumbano kwenye mahusiano/ndoa
  • Shida wakati wakujifungua, kama kuzaa mtoto njiti au anayehitaji uangalizi maalumu
  • Umri mdogo, mara nyingi chini ya miaka 20
  • Matatizo ya kiuchumi, kua na watoto wengi

Nini husababisha ugonjwa huu?
Ugonjwa huu hauna kisababishi maalumu kipindi hiki, lakini tafiti huseme kuna uhusino na mabadiliko ya mfumo wa homoni maalumu zinazokuwepo kipindi cha ujauzito. Homoni hizo (progesterone & estrogen) huongezeka zaidi ya mara kumi kipindi cha ujauzito na hushuka ghafla baada ya kujifungua na kurudi katika hali ya kawaida baada ya siku tatu. Hivyo huusishwa kuwa na uhusiano na ugonjwa huu pamoja na vichocheo vingine vya kiafya, kihisia na mazingira kiujumla.

Je dalili zake ni zipi?
Dalili za ugonjwa huu huweza kua kama;

  • Kuwa mwenye huzuni, uwoga na kulia kulikopitiliza
  • Kushindwa kupata usingizi na kupoteza hamu ya kula.
  • Kukosa hamu ya kufanya vitu ulivyokua unapenda kufanya hapo awali
  • Kukosa mahusiano mazuri na mtoto na mara nyingine kuwaza hata kumdhuru mtoto.
  • Kuwaza kujiua kwa kujiona huna msaada, dhamani na mwenye makosa kwa mtoto na jamii.
  • Kushindwa kufanya maamuzi sahihi na kua na umakini/utulivu.

Nini kifanyike?
Sonona baada ya uzazi ni ugonjwa  unaotibika. Ugonjwa huu unaweza kutibiwa kwa njia ya kushauriwa (counseling) pamoja na kutumia dawa (anti-depressants) pale inapohitajika. Kwa mwenye dalili za ugonjwa huu, inashauriwa  aonane na daktari haraka. Kitaalamu Psychological interventions (cognitive behavioral therapy CBT, Interpersonal therapy IPT) ni njia za kitaalamu zaidi ambazo zimekua na mafanikio makubwa kwenye afya ya akili. Matibabu mengine zaidi kama kujiunga kwenye vikundi maalumu kwa matitabu, kutembelewa na watu na mazoeozi mepesi imeonyesha kua na msaada pia.

Comments (8)

Victor Nyoso

2023-08-27 06:58:25

Somo zuri sana asante doctor.

Mama Ehud

2023-08-27 08:04:22

Najifunza sana hali ya wamama wanapojifungua wengi tunawasahau wanahitaji uangalizi wa karibu asante sana somo ni zuri sana

Teknik Telekomunikasi

2024-02-16 06:37:56

Unaweza kufafanua juu ya ufanisi wa kujiunga na vikundi maalum vya msaada, kupokea ziara kutoka kwa watu, na kushiriki katika mazoezi ya mwanga kama hatua za ziada katika kushughulikia unyogovu wa baada ya kujifungua? Kuhusu <a href="https://ble.telkomuniversity.ac.id/">Telkom University</a>

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